Bunion (Bunion).

- RUDDOCK.E.H,

DEFINITION.-- An enlargement of the bursa over the metatarsal joint of the great toe, with more or less deformity of the joint. This deformity takes the form of deviation of the great toe towards the middle line of the foot (hallux valgus); it develops slowly and is attributed to the wearing of improperly shaped boots. The boot which favours the occurrence of hallux valgus is one which displaces the great toe outwards from the line of the inner border of the foot. It is a common affection in civilized communities.


CAUSE.-- The pressure of ill-shaped boots or shoes, throwing the great toe over or under the contiguous toes; in this way a sharp angle is made on the inner side of the joint of the great toe, on which the Bunion is formed.

SYMPTOMS.-- Pain, redness, and swelling of the part, which soon subside on removal of the cause. Should, however, undue pressure be continued, the symptoms increase until pressure becomes unendurable. After this, on discontinuing the offending boot or shoe, the pain subsides; nevertheless a permanent Bunion has been formed, and inflammatory symptoms are at any time available to recur from irritation.

TREATMENT.-- The direction of the toe must be changed by wearing properly-shaped boots, made with the inner side of the sole straight from the toe to the heel. If irritation be accidentally excited in the part, a warm footbath should be used, and afterwards a lotion (twenty drops of Arn. O to two tablespoonfuls of water continuously applied for two or three days, or one of Ruta may be substituted; at the same time, Hep.- S. may be given every four hours.

The treatment of bunion varies with the severity of the deformity. In mild cases a great deal can be done by wearing properly-shaped boots, with toe-prop to keep the great toe straight. At night the attitude of the toe may be corrected by a properly-applied splint. In aggravated cases only an operation can correct the deformity.

Ver.-Vir., painted on Bunions, generally gives rapid and perfect relief. There is no agent comparable to Ver.-Vir. for Bunions of inflamed corns (Dr. J.G. Wilkinson).

PREVENTION.-- If the Arnica or Ver.-Vir, lotion be used immediately the first inflammatory symptoms arise, and all undue pressure be at once discontinued, the formation of a Bunion may be altogether prevented.

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