Palladium metallicum 200c

- VERMEULEN Frans
Palladium metallicum
Pall.
Nature never intended for us to pat ourselves on the back.
If she had, our hinges would be different.
[McKenzie]
Signs
Palladium.
CLASSIFICATION Isolated from crude platinum in 1803 by the British chemist Wollaston, the precious metal palladium is the middle member of group 10 of the periodic table, along with the lighter nickel and the heavier platinum. This silver-white metal occurs in the earth's crust at an abundance of 0.015 parts per million and is found together with platinum and other metals of the platinum group in placer deposits [superficial deposits] in Russia, South and North America, Ethiopia, and Australia. Native palladium, though rare, occurs alloyed with a little platinum and iridium in Colombia, Brazil, South Africa [the Transvaal], and Russia [Ural Mountains]. Palladium is also associated with a number of gold, silver, copper and nickel ores, and is found in the minerals stibiopalladinite, braggite and popezite. Natural palladium contains six stable isotopes. Twenty five other isotopes are recognized, all of which are radioactive. It forms with ruthenium and rhodium the so-called light platinas, whilst the heavy platinas consist of osmium, iridium and platinum. Wollaston named the element in honour of the newly discovered asteroid Pallas. This asteroid [then called a planet] was discovered in 1807, together with two other asteroids. All three received the names of Roman or Greek goddesses - Pallas, Juno, and Vesta - following the discovery of another new planet [asteroid], Ceres, six years before.
FEATURES Palladium occurs as a silvery white metal with a face-centred cubic structure, as black powder, or as spongy masses which can be compressed to a compact mass. The lightest and lowest-melting of the platinum metals, palladium is soft and ductile when heated and cooled gradually. Cold working greatly increases its strength and hardness. It does not tarnish in air but is appreciably volatile at high temperatures. At room temperature it has the unusual property of absorbing considerable amounts of hydrogen. At 80o C and one atmosphere it will absorb up to 900 times its own volume of hydrogen, becoming harder, stronger and less ductile in the process. Hydrogen readily diffuses through heated palladium and this provides a means of purifying the gas. Palladium can be beaten into leaf as thin as 1/250,000 inch, a property it has in common with gold. It is more prone to attack from mineral acids than other platinum metals. It reacts with single mineral acids, e.g. nitric acid or sulphuric acid, contrary to platinum which only yields to mineral acids when these are combined and heated [boiling aqua regia]. Among the transition metals palladium has one of the strongest tendencies to form bonds with carbon. All palladium compounds are easily decomposed or reduced to the free metal. 1,2
USES A good catalyst, part of world palladium production is snapped up by the motor industry for exhaust catalytic converters, for which palladium, platinum and/or rhodium are used. [In this platinum is superior; up to three times as much palladium is needed to obtain the same emissions reduction as with platinum.] Finely divided palladium is used for hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions. In alloys it is used in jewellery and in amalgams in dentistry. White gold is an alloy of gold decolourised by the addition of palladium. In addition, the metal is used in watchmaking [balance wheels], for mirrors in astronomical instruments, as catalyzer in oxidizing processes, and in making high-grade surgical instruments. The chief use of the metal is in the field of communication as electrical contacts for telephone relays.
PLATINUM METALS "The mechanical properties of the six platinum metals differ greatly. Platinum and palladium are rather soft and very ductile; these metals and most of their alloys can be worked hot or cold. Rhodium is initially worked hot, but cold-working can be done later with rather frequent annealing. Iridium can be worked hot, as can ruthenium, but with difficulty; neither metal can be cold-worked appreciably. Osmium is the hardest of the group and has the highest melting point, but its ready oxidation is a limitation. Iridium is the most corrosion-resistant of the platinum metals, while rhodium is valued for retaining its properties at high temperatures. Since pure annealed platinum is extremely soft, it is susceptible to scratching and marring. In order to improve hardness, it is alloyed with a variety of other elements. Palladium is used in both the pure and alloyed states for a variety of electrical applications and for dental alloys. Rhodium, ruthenium, and osmium are used rarely in the pure state but rather as alloying elements for the other platinum-group metals. All the platinum metals can be electroplated. Palladium is the easiest to process, and the plated metal is much harder than the wrought metal. The hardness of electrodeposited ruthenium makes it suitable for instruments where a low-pressure rubbing contact is required. Rhodium is the most commonly electroplated of the platinum metals because of the hardness and lustre of the electrodeposit. ... The platinum-group metals are used extensively as catalysts, the major areas of application being petrochemical refining, nitric acid production, and control of automotive exhaust emissions."3
MEDICINE Palladium is poorly absorbed by the body when ingested and palladium chloride was formerly prescribed as a treatment for tuberculosis at the rate of 65 mg per day without apparent ill effects. Palladium at higher intakes is poisonous and is an experimental carcinogen. 4 "It is an acceptor for loosely bound hydrogen and through this can act oxidizing, but on the other side it may liberate a very active hydrogen and thereby act reducing. By virtue of this chemical property colloidal palladium oxide has been recommended as 'Leptynol' for obesity."5 Colloidal palladium is reported to increase body temperature, produce discolouration and necrosis at the site of injection, decrease body weight, and cause slight homolysis. 6
PALLADIUM The word Palladium comes from an ancient Greek myth of a statue of Pallas Athena that was believed to have the power of keeping safe the city that possessed it. The colossal wooden statue depicted Pallas with her feet joined together, a spear in one hand and a spindle and distaff in the other. "When Zeus was amorously pursuing the Pleiad Electra, she clung to the Palladium for safety and Zeus, in annoyance, flung it out of Olympus. It was at that moment that Ilus, king of Troy, prayed for a sign of approval from Zeus for his new city. The Palladium fell at his feet from the sky, and at the spot where it landed he built Troy's great temple of Athena to house it. It was believed that as long as the guardian statue was kept safely there, Troy would never fall. In the tenth year of the Trojan War the Greeks captured the Trojan seer Helenus, who revealed to them the oracles, known only to himself, foretelling how they could take Troy. One of the conditions of success was that they should steal the Palladium. This feat was undertaken by Odysseus and Diomedes, although there are different versions of the way in which they achieved it. ... However the theft was achieved, the outcome was always the same and Troy fell to the Greeks. The victorious Greeks took the statue away when they sailed, but various cities later claimed to possess it, including Athens, Sparta and Argos. The Romans too believed that an image in their temple of Vesta was the Palladium, either saved from the flames of Troy [the Greeks having stolen merely a copy] and brought to Italy by the Trojan Aeneas, or surrendered to them by Diomedes."7 The word Palladium is now figuratively applied to anything on which the safety of a people, culture, society, etc. is supposed to depend.
PROVINGS •• [1] Hering - 12 provers [9 males, 3 females], 1850; method: 10 provers took the 3c, ranging in dosage from a single dose to eight doses; 1 prover took repeated doses of the 4c, 5c and 6c and during a second trial 2 doses of the 4c; Hering describes the effects of triturating the palladium, of taking, two days later, "a teaspoonful of the black water obtained from washing out the mortar after making the 1st trit. [1c], and of taking, again two days later, "another swallow of the rinsings".
The symptoms generally accepted as the leading symptoms of Palladium are very different from those produced in the proving. For example, the proving symptoms were mainly or only left-sided, whereas Palladium is considered a right-sided remedy. Moreover, none of the characteristic mental symptoms were produced. A few clinical case reports, rather than provings, form thus the foundation of Palladium's drug picture. It makes this remedy one of the many examples for the incorrectness of 'what can cause can cure' as a basic rule defining homoeopathy.
[1] Lide, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. [2-3] Encyclopaedia Britannica. [4] Emsley, The Elements. [5] Leeser, Textbook of Hom. MM: Inorganic Medicinal Substances. [6] Klaassen, Casarett and Doull's Toxicology. [7] March, Dictionary of Classical Mythology.
Affinity
Uterus. Right ovary. Mind. * Right side.
Modalities
Worse: Emotions [lively; chagrin]. Social functions. Standing. Exertion.
Better: Touch. Pressure. Diversion. Rubbing. After sleep. After stools [backache].
Main symptoms
M LOVES PRAISE.
Longing for the GOOD OPINION of OTHERS.
Attaches great importance to it.
• "Palladium's haughtiness is mostly seen in what they expect of others rather than in the way they act toward you. You rarely get the feeling that the Palladium patient feels superior to you. The haughtiness is in the constant need to be included, the constant need to be flattered or paid attention to. In this sense, it is a passive sort of arrogance rather than the aggressive, negative arrogance that we usually associate with Platina. ... The subtlety [of their arrogance and haughtiness] is in their expectations. They take offence at the least thing. If somebody criticizes their work in any way or if they even think that someone has criticized their work, it is a great insult. 'Ambitious' is another good word to describe Palladium."1
M Keeps up brightly in COMPANY; exhausted afterwards.
M Easily offended; easy prey to slights, real or imaginary.
FANCIES being NEGLECTED.
• "All you say or do puts her out of humour, she trembles, her face changes expression, her eyes too, as if she were going crazy." [Hering]
• "WOUNDED PRIDE! How sharp the sting and how humiliating the mortification! And yet the first step towards knowledge is the realization of how little one really knows. Pride, conceit, egotism - these self-made tyrants are just as much our enemies as any despot or dictator in human form; and must be vanquished before one may progress along the path that leads to liberation. And yet we have remedies to heal the wounds of mental conflict and of the lesser known of these is Palladium, rich in mental symptoms and worthy of deeper study. Palladium is one of the remedies often overlooked in favour of her sister Platina. Those who care to personify their remedies may think of the Greek goddess Pallas Athena, neglected by her votaries."2
M EGOTISM.
• "To understand this remedy, we must refer to the Greek goddess Pallas Athena, born directly from the head of Jupiter [and not in the ordinary, vulgar way of mortals, out of the female genital organs]. Palladium children will deny the body and try to seduce the father - and, beyond the father, to seduce the whole of society - with the brilliance of their minds." [Grandgeorge]
Wants to be the CENTRE of INTEREST.
• "The situation of Palladium is that of a person who wants to win, an argument, for example, yet is not willing to accept that the loser thinks badly of her. Palladium wants to be on top and at the same time everybody must think them to be wonderful."3
Compulsive desire to catch the fancy of other people.
Convinced of own attractiveness [haughty].
Attitude slightly overdone.
• "It also seems to him, repeatedly, as if he had grown taller." [proving symptom Hering]
M VANITY.
Pays much attention to outward appearance.
Great problems with getting older.
May be narcissistic.
• "Palladium finds it very difficult to admit that she is getting older and she does everything to look attractive. She likes to surround herself with younger men, as proof of her unremitting attractiveness, and has gone through cosmetic surgery at an early stage. As soon as she admits to herself that she is getting older, she usually will seclude herself from contact and, not uncommonly, commit suicide because her life is meaningless. Palladium has a preference for the colour ultramarine. No Palladium without this colour."4
M Irritability.
Finding vent in violent expressions. [Clarke]
• "Strong inclination to use forcible language and violent expressions." [proving symptom]
G RIGHT SIDE.
[face, temple, eye, abdomen, ovary, hip]
G Fleeting pains.
G Tendency to uterine and ovarian disorders.
G Itching changing place on scratching.
[back, arms, abdomen, thighs, ankles, lips, wings of nose]
P RIGHT ovary - pain.
> Company; flexing thigh; lying on left side; pressure; rubbing.
< After menses; motion; standing. Extending down limb. [1] Morrison, Three Palladium Cases: Exploring the Essential Elements; IFH 1994. [2] Patrick, Palladium: A Remedy of Wounded Pride; cited in Tyler, Homoeopathic Drug Pictures. [3] Notes from Seminar by Divya Chhabra, Küssnacht, October 1994; HL 2/95. [4] Editorial [by H.V. Müller] Zeitschrift für Klassische Homöopathie, 1986 Heft 5. Rubrics Mind Abusive [1]. Ambition [2]. Anxiety after menses [2]. Desire for company, when alone < [2]. Delusions, she is not appreciated [2], she is criticized [1], whole body is hollow [1], he is neglected [3]. Desire to be flattered [2]. Haughty [2]. Longing for good opinion of others [2/1]. Obstinate, but tries to appear amiable [2/1]. Suspicious that people are talking about her [1]. Head Numbness, vertex [1]. Pain, from coffee [1], > after sleep [2], > thinking of pain [1]; vertex, extending from one to other ear [1].
Nose
Smell acute, sensitive to unpleasant odours [1].
Rectum
Sensation of fulness in anus after stool [1*]. Urging while walking [1].
Bladder
Pain, cutting, > stool [1/1].
Kidneys
Pain, if desire to urinate be delayed [1], while sitting [2].
Female
Menses, copious, < walking [1]. Back Sensation of a lump, in dorsal region, between scapulae [1]. Limbs Sensation as if heads of femurs were expanding or being pressed out of their sockets [1*]. Numbness, upper limbs, left arm [1*]. Warts, hands, knuckles [1/1]. Dreams Buildings [1]. Walking through apartments [1/1]. Skin Itching when undressing [1]. Generals Sensation of emptiness, as if whole body is hollow [1]. * Repertory additions [Hughes]. Food Aversion: [1]: Beer. Worse: [1]: Coffee.

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