Aethusa cynapium

- VERMEULEN Frans,
Aeth.
Aethusa cynapium
A child, like your stomach, doesn't need all you can afford to give it.
[McKenzie]
Signs
Aethusa cynapium. Lesser hemlock. Fool's parsley. Dog parsley. Devil's Wand.
N.O. Umbelliferae.
CLASSIFICATION Aethusa belongs to the Umbelliferae. This plant family, also called Apiaceae or Carrot family, is one of the best-known families of flowering plants, because of its characteristic inflorescences and fruits and the distinctive chemistry reflected in the odour, flavour and even toxicity of many of its members. "Several umbellifers were known to the ancient Chinese and Mexican Indian civilizations, as well as to the Mycenaeans, Greeks and Romans of the Mediterranean basin. The family was recognized under the name of Narthekodes by Theophrastus and the Greek word Narthex was replaced by Ferula in Latin, the name applied to the dried stalks of umbellifers such as fennel [Foeniculum] or Ferula. In Greek art Dionysus is often shown bearing a Ferula or ferule in his hand. Herbs or condiments such as anise, cumin, coriander, dill and fennel were known to Theophrastus and characterized by their naked seeds and herbaceous stems. The Umbelliferae seems to be the first flowering plant family to be recognized as such by botanists about the end of the 16th century, although only the temperate Old World species were then known. The Umbelliferae contains about 300 genera and 2,500 to 3,000 species. It is found in most parts of the world, although commonest in temperate upland areas and relatively rare in tropical latitudes."1
FEATURES The inflorescence is usually unmistakable; its is composed of umbels of many small flowers which have petioles of varying lengths so that the blooms are brought to the same flat, plate-like level. Eryngium forms a variation on this basic structure in having an elongated, dome-shaped head. Many members of Umbelliferae are so alike in structure that it is difficult to distinguish between them without reference to special, and often inconspicuous, botanical details. The comparatively few ornamentals that the family comprises stand out among a host of rather indifferent species. Most Umbelliferae have hollow stems and hollow internodes, with alternate, sheathing, frequently much-divided foliage. They are 'promiscuous' plants in that they are pollinated by a wide array of insects, mostly flies, mosquitoes or gnats, or some of the unspecialized bees, butterflies and moths. Self-fertility is the normal situation and self-sterile plants are very rare. Hybridization hardly occurs in this family, which leads to serious problems in breeding programs. The flowers are almost uniformly characterized by the number five: there are five petals, five [very small] sepals, and five free stamens. The umbels of flowers develop according to a centrifugal pattern, which is opposite to the centripetal tendency of the Compositae. A number of important economic plants occur in the family, including root crops such as carrot, parsnip, celery, and fennel, as well as spices or herbs used for flavouring such as chervil, parsley, dill, coriander, cumin, caraway, and anise.
NAME The name Aethusa is derived from Gr. aitho, burning, shining, in reference to the shiny leaves, or from Gr. aithusso, to set on fire, alluding to the acrid taste of the juice. The specific name cynapium is composed of Gr. kynos, dog, and L. apium, parsley.

Flowering Aethusa
 AETHUSA The leaves of this annual plant are very similar to those of Parsley, but of a darker, glossy green and when bruised they emit a disagreeable, garlicky odour. It has white flowers, while those of Parsley are yellow or yellowish green. Aethusa is the fourth poisonous umbellifer; after Conium, Cicuta virosa, Oenanthe - in that order. It is in many aspects similar to Conium. The difference between them consists on the intense garlic smell, instead of the nasty mouse-urine smell of Conium. Though less poisonous than Conium, Aethusa contains the same active principle as this plant [coniïne, formerly called cynapine]. Eating the fresh leaves or roots by mistake for parsley or radishes may in humans result in death. The dried herb loses most of its toxicity. Allen certainly got it very wrong when stating, "This plant, formerly supposed to be poisonous, is now proved to be harmless; large quantities can be taken with impunity."2
EFFECTS "The Fool's Parsley is indigenous to Europe and Siberia, from whence it has been introduced into this country where it now grows, still sparingly, along roadsides and waste places about cultivated grounds, in New England, and from there to Pennsylvania, flowering in July and August. ... By the early writers it is so often confounded with Conium, that it is very difficult to trace its history. The first author to characterize it was Hermoulaus Barbarus, who called it Cicuta terrestris minore; it is also mentioned by Matthiolus, Jonston, Jungius, Müller and others, all speaking of its peculiar effects when eaten. Its action has been generally considered like that of Conium, but milder, and its principal, if not its only use, was in some forms of obstinate cutaneous disorders."3
TOXICOLOGY The toxic symptomatology is characterized by burning pain in mouth, throat and gastrointestinal tract, followed by colics, diarrhoea, convulsive paroxysms with tremor, progressive ascending muscular paralysis [a general feature of all poisonous umbellifers], evolving to respiratory failure and cardiac arrest. In non-fatal cases of intoxication loss of hair and nails was observed. Animals avoid the plant for its repulsive odour, although rabbits, sheep and goats seem to be immune to its poison.
TRIBES The Carrot family is usually divided into three subfamilies and twelve tribes. 4 Homoeopathy employs some forty members of the Umbelliferae. They fall under the following tribes.
• Subfamily Hydrocotyloideae [mainly Southern Hemisphere].
Hydrocotyleae: Hydrocotyle.
Mulineae: Azorella.
• Subfamily Saniculoideae.
Saniculeae: Astrantia, Eryngium, Sanicula [not to be confused with Sanicula aqua].
Lagoecieae:Lagoecia, Petagnia.
• Subfamily Apioideae.
Echinophoreae: Echinophora.
Scandiceae: Anthriscus, Chaerophyllum, Myrrhis, Scandix.
Coriandreae: Coriandrum.
Smyrnieae: Cicuta, Conium, Smyrnium.
Apieae: Ammi, Apium, Bupleurum, Oenanthe, Pimpinella.
Peucedaneae: Angelica, Ferula, Heracleum, Pastinaca.
Laserpiteae: Laserpitium, Thapsia.
Dauceae: Daucus.
PROVINGS •• [1] Hartlaub, Trinks, Nenning, 1828; method: unknown.
•• [2] Allen - 6 provers [5 males, 1 female], 1876; method: 1-2 drop doses of tincture every hour for one day, or tincture in doses ranging from 5 to 24 drops, with observation periods of 1 to 2 days [!].
Allen concluded from these experiments that "it seems established beyond any possibility of doubt, that the plant is harmless. Our own experiments prove this conclusively; in New York we had the co-operation of thirty or forty individuals, who took varying doses of the expressed juice of the plant without the slightest effect. The editor himself drank it by the wineglassful. A few experienced some disturbance. It was not attempted to make a proving, as in that case the potencies would have been tried; we only desired to verify Dr. Harley's observations as to the poisonous nature of the herb."5
[1] Heywood, Flowering Plants of the World. [2] Allen, Handbook of Materia Medica. [3] Millspaugh, American Medicinal Plants. [4] Heywood, ibid. [5] Allen, Encyclopedia, Vol. 10.
Affinity
BRAIN. Nerves. Digestion. Neck/occiput. Glands. Liver.
Modalities
Worse: MILK. Hot weather. Dentition. Frequent eating. After vomiting. After stool.
Better: Walking in open air. Rest. Covering. Tightly bandaging the head.
Main symptoms
M Feels different from other people; lives in his own sentimental world.
LOVES ANIMALS, talks to animals, looks after them with unnatural passion.
Reserved; feels unconnected to other people.
Emotions strong but kept in, without a clear cause or a traumatic experience.
Tendency to withdrawal from society and to isolation.
Overcompensation of hidden emotions in strong feelings of love for animals.
Love for animals stronger than for humans, because of the idea that interpersonal communication is apt to fail.
In advanced stage, fear of falling asleep [afraid he will never wake up again] and fear of narcosis.
Gradual "dying" of sexual feelings, emotions and mental functions.
[Vithoulkas]
M EXAMINATION FUNK.
Cannot take any more in [comp. with the inability to digest nourishment - milk].
< Hot weather [= lack of concentration and brain fag]. • "Schoolgirls who prefer to play with their cat, because they can't study, they can't concentrate on their study work."1 • "The remedy is also useful for students who are stuffed with all sorts of knowledge and who abruptly reject anything to do with their studies." [Grandgeorge] M Mother-Infant Misunderstanding • "This remedy is helpful for babies who never stop crying and are nursed constantly by the mother. At the breast once every hour or two, the infant is stuffed, and is subject to digestive troubles: colic, regurgitation of curdled milk. The key to the remedy is found in the difficulty of establishing communication between mother and child. The baby cries, the mother doesn't know what she needs, becomes anxious, and decides to feed her, whether it is at the breast or with a bottle." [Grandgeorge] • "The bowels become relaxed, and everything put into the stomach either comes up or goes right through. This occurs especially in those infants that have been fed as the ordinary everyday mother feeds her baby, and how is that? Every time it cries she puts it to the breast or feeds it." [Kent] • "Something seems to have gone wrong with Aethusa patients in early childhood, during the breast feeding period, or before that, with negative effect on the breast feeding. Some deep disturbance between mother and child, resulting in closing off the emotions and hatred. The love that has gone sour is now directed to animals, creatures incapable of hurting and betraying become their closest friends."2 G Ailments and SLEEPINESS and PROSTRATION. G INTOLERANCE of MILK; children who are fed too often. • "Mrs. P took 5 drops of tincture, just before dinner. At once complained of heated, flushed feeling, with some nausea. In 5 m. drank some milk, and had to go into open air to keep from vomiting. In 5 m. more repeated dose, and drank some milk; after 2 m. took 5 drops more. Violent retching ensued, with vomiting of phlegm only. After 10 m. took 5 drops more, which made her deathly sick, but she could bring nothing up but phlegm." [Hughes] Milk is FORCIBLY vomited in LARGE [yellowish or greenish] CURDS. * Desire for milk, which <. • [Female, aged 22, epilepsy; 8 to 10 grand mal, and 2 to 3 petit mal per week.] "The main point about the case was that the patient gorged herself on milk before she had the seizures. She just had an irresistible urge to drink gallons of milk and then it would bring on the convulsions. This fact mainly led me to Aethusa, but also she rolled the eyes down and this is very characteristic in Aethusa. Other considerations: clenched thumbs, jaws locked, pupils dilated, immovable and staring, fear before examinations. ... Immediately after taking the remedy [Aeth. 200c] she felt much clearer in her head. She had suffered much congestion. The 'gunge' in her head started to move and clear out through the nose. Thick clear mucous came down the nose and she had to constantly blow it to clear it. Feeling a lot better and more sociable with people. ... "3 G Chilliness. Yet redness of face. Cold and clammy sweat and great coldness in abdomen and of extremities. G Nibbling appetite; digestion ceases from brain exhaustion. • "It has cured dyspepsia from constant feeding, in those nibblers, those hungry fellows who are always eating, always nibbling, always taking crackers in their pockets until there comes a time when the stomach ceases to act. It also suits cases of indigestion from head troubles, with hot head, vomiting, exhaustion, sweat and long sleep." [Kent] Frequent waking from hunger. G Thirstlessness. G Suddenness and violence. [vomiting; pains; diarrhoea; delirium; convulsions; colic] G DROWSINESS after VOMITING, or after DIARRHOEA. G Deathly aspect; BLUE pallor about lips; white linea nasalis. Too weak to hold up head. G Convulsions. And Eyes turned DOWNWARD; red face; fixed dilated pupils; foam at mouth; trismus; clenched thumbs; perspiration [particularly at night, with desire to be covered]. And Sensation of coldness in abdomen and whole body. Also: Great disposition to perspire on the slightest physical effort. Followed by deep sleep. G Convulsions during dentition. G < 3-4 a.m. G < Summer heat. [digestion; concentration and brainwork] G Vertigo and sleepiness, palpitation or weakness. [Phatak] P Squeezing headache in occiput. < Lying. > Passing flatus or stool.
• "Another kind of pain begins in the occiput or nape of the neck and goes down the spine. The only relief is from bending stiffly backward. As soon as she passes flatus or passes a stool, the headache ceases." [Olds]
P Hands, head and face seem swollen after walking in open air, > indoors. [Allen]
P Herpetic or eczematous eruption on TIP of NOSE.
P Suffering renders the patient speechless. [Phatak]
P Diarrhoea during dentition, and SLEEPINESS.
Diarrhoea after drinking milk.
[1] Gaublomme, Aethusa case, Small Remedies Seminar 1990. [2] Corrie Hiwat, Two cases of Aethusa, HL 1/95. [3] Francis Bowe, Learning Curve: Treating Cancer and other serious conditions in a new way; The Homoeopathic Times, Spring 2001.
Rubrics
Mind
Anticipation before examination [2]. Anxiety in the dark [1]; during headache [1]. Awkward, drops things [1]. Conversation > [1; Eup-per.; Lac-d.]. Darkness < [2; = sensation of suffocation at night, goes to window to have fresh air]. Delirium > perspiration [1/1]. Delusion persons are animals [2]; sees cats [2], dogs [2], rats [2]; delusion senses are separated from objects, as if there were a barrier between them [1/1] [= stupefaction]. Fear of death if he goes to sleep [after a nightmare], fear he will die [1]; fear to go to sleep, lest he should never wake again [1/1]. Irritability after eating [1].
Vertigo
Sudden, while sitting, > rising [1/1*].
Head
Heat in head after vertigo [1/1]. Sensation as if something were turning around in forehead [1/1*].
Vision
Objects seem large [1; Con.; Hyos.; Nux-m.].
Ear
Noises > boring into ear [1; Lach.; Meny.; Nicc.].
Nose
Sudden obstruction in morning after waking [1/1*].
Face
Swelling of face during menses [1; Sulph.].
Stomach
Eructations > lying [1; Rhus-t.]. Thirst during headache [1]. Thirstless during heat [2]. Vomiting during diarrhoea [2]; during headache [2].
Abdomen
Bubbling sensation in umbilical region [1].
Kidneys
Pain when breathing deeply [1; Benz-ac.]; < sneezing [2]. Female Menses suppressed from warm bathing [2/1]. Respiration Difficult, in the dark [1/1]; when lying on the back [1]. Chest Palpitation during headache [1]; during vertigo [1]. Sleep Dozing after vomiting [2/1]. Frequent waking from hunger [2]. Perspiration On beginning to sleep [1; Con.]. Generals Sensation of boiling heat in blood vessels [1*]. Pain, stitching, burning, like needles [1*]. * Repertory additions [Hughes]. Food Aversion: [2]: Milk. [1]: Fat; fruit. Desire: [2]: Salt + farinaceous; wine. [1]: Cheese; delicacies. Worse: [3]: Milk. [2]: Coffee. [1]: Alcohol; cold drinks; rich food; wine.

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