Daoboia russelli
- THOMPSON M,
Vipera daboia
Natural history
HERPETOLOGICAL JOURNAL, Vol. 2, pp. 99-101 (1992)
MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION IN RUSSELL'S VIPER IN BURMA AND THAILAND
Russell's viper (Vipera russelli) is one of the most widespread venomous snakes in southern Asia. It is an important cause of snakebite mortality and morbidity in many areas, including Thailand and especially Burma (Looareesuwan, Viravan and Warrell, 1988; Warrell, 1989). The symptoms of Burmese and Thai Russell's viper bite differ considerably: bites in Burma result, among other symptoms, in pituitary infarction, generalized capillary permeability and primary shock (Myint-Lwin et al. 1985), whereas bites in Thailand result in intra-vascular haemolysis (Warrell, 1986, 1989).
In some venomous snake species complexes, venom differences have been found to be related to taxonomic differentiation of the populations concerned; in these cases, venom differences were accompanied by morphological differences, for instance in Echis (Warrell and Arnett, 1976) and in the Asiatic cobra complex (Wüster 1990; Wüster and Thorpe, 1989, 1991). However, in the case of Russell's viper, previous workers have found relatively little morphological differentiation between Burmese and Thai Russell's vipers (Anon. 1987; Warrell, 1989), and both populations are generally included in the subspecies V. r. siamensis Smith, 1917 (e.g. Harding and Welch, 1980; Warrell, 1989).
Vipera daboia
Natural history
HERPETOLOGICAL JOURNAL, Vol. 2, pp. 99-101 (1992)
MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION IN RUSSELL'S VIPER IN BURMA AND THAILAND
Russell's viper (Vipera russelli) is one of the most widespread venomous snakes in southern Asia. It is an important cause of snakebite mortality and morbidity in many areas, including Thailand and especially Burma (Looareesuwan, Viravan and Warrell, 1988; Warrell, 1989). The symptoms of Burmese and Thai Russell's viper bite differ considerably: bites in Burma result, among other symptoms, in pituitary infarction, generalized capillary permeability and primary shock (Myint-Lwin et al. 1985), whereas bites in Thailand result in intra-vascular haemolysis (Warrell, 1986, 1989).
In some venomous snake species complexes, venom differences have been found to be related to taxonomic differentiation of the populations concerned; in these cases, venom differences were accompanied by morphological differences, for instance in Echis (Warrell and Arnett, 1976) and in the Asiatic cobra complex (Wüster 1990; Wüster and Thorpe, 1989, 1991). However, in the case of Russell's viper, previous workers have found relatively little morphological differentiation between Burmese and Thai Russell's vipers (Anon. 1987; Warrell, 1989), and both populations are generally included in the subspecies V. r. siamensis Smith, 1917 (e.g. Harding and Welch, 1980; Warrell, 1989).
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